Continuous time quantum walks on graphs: group state transfer

DOI10.1016/J.DAM.2023.04.015MaRDI QIDQ6162028zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Luke C. Brown, William J. Martin, Duncan Wright

Publication date 15 June 2023

Published in Discrete Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.08837

zbMATH Keywords

graph eigenvaluesquantum walkstate transfer

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graphs and linear algebra (matrices, eigenvalues, etc.) (05C50) Vertex subsets with special properties (dominating sets, independent sets, cliques, etc.) (05C69) Random walks on graphs (05C81) Mean value and transfer theorems (11H60) Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Continuous-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces (60J27) Mathematical modeling or simulation for problems pertaining to quantum theory (81-10) Quantum state spaces, operational and probabilistic concepts (81P16) Quantum computation (81P68)

Abstract: We introduce the concept of group state transfer on graphs, summarize its relationship to other concepts in the theory of quantum walks, set up a basic theory, and discuss examples. Let $X$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A$ and consider quantum walks on the vertex set $V(X)$ governed by the continuous time-dependent unitary transition operator $U(t)=exp(itA)$. For $S,TsubseteqV(X)$, we says $X$ admits "group state transfer" from $S$ to $T$ at time $au$ if the submatrix of $U(au)$ obtained by restricting to columns in $S$ and rows not in $T$ is the all-zero matrix. As a generalization of perfect state transfer, fractional revival and periodicity, group state transfer satisfies natural monotonicity and transitivity properties. Yet non-trivial group state transfer is still rare; using a compactness argument, we prove that bijective group state transfer (the optimal case where $|S|=|T|$) is absent for almost all $t$. Focusing on this bijective case, we obtain a structure theorem, prove that bijective group state transfer is "monogamous", and study the relationship between the projections of $S$ and $T$ into each eigenspace of the graph. Group state transfer is obviously preserved by graph automorphisms and this gives us information about the relationship between the setwise stabilizer of $SsubseteqV(X)$ and the stabilizers of naturally defined subsets obtained by spreading $S$ out over time and crudely reversing this process. These operations are sufficiently well-behaved to give us a topology on $V(X)$ which is likely to be simply the topology of subsets for which bijective group state transfer occurs at that time. We illustrate non-trivial group state transfer in bipartite graphs with integer eigenvalues, in joins of graphs, and in symmetric double stars. The Cartesian product allows us to build new examples from old ones.

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Cited in

(8)

• Universal state transfer on graphs
• Continuous-time quantum walks on Cayley graphs of extraspecial groups
• Pair state transfer
• Continuous time quantum walks and quotient graphs
• Bose-Mesner algebra on finite \(G/H\) coset graphs and its application on continuous time quantum walks
• Sedentariness in quantum walks
• New results in vertex sedentariness
• Scoring anomalous vertices through quantum walks

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