Critical exponents of graphs

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2015.11.003MaRDI QIDQ899490zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dominique Guillot, Apoorva Khare, Bala Rajaratnam

Publication date 28 December 2015

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1504.04069

zbMATH Keywords

chordal graphsentrywise positive mapsfractional Schur powersLoewner orderingmatrices with structure of zerospositive semidefiniteness

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of matrices (incidence, Hadamard, etc.) (05B20) Quadratic and bilinear forms, inner products (15A63)

Abstract: The study of entrywise powers of matrices was originated by Loewner in the pursuit of the Bieberbach conjecture. Since the work of FitzGerald and Horn (1977), it is known that $A^{circalpha}:=(a_{ij}^{a}lpha)$ is positive semidefinite for every entrywise nonnegative $nimesn$ positive semidefinite matrix $A=(a_{ij})$ if and only if $alpha$ is a positive integer or $alphageqn-2$. This surprising result naturally extends the Schur product theorem, and demonstrates the existence of a sharp phase transition in preserving positivity. In this paper, we study when entrywise powers preserve positivity for matrices with structure of zeros encoded by graphs. To each graph is associated an invariant called its "critical exponent", beyond which every power preserves positivity. In our main result, we determine the critical exponents of all chordal/decomposable graphs, and relate them to the geometry of the underlying graphs. We then examine the critical exponent of important families of non-chordal graphs such as cycles and bipartite graphs. Surprisingly, large families of dense graphs have small critical exponents that do not depend on the number of vertices of the graphs.

Recommendations

• The critical exponent: a novel graph invariant
• Positivity of Hadamard powers of a few band matrices
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• The critical exponent conjecture for powers of doubly nonnegative matrices
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Cited in

(18)

• The critical exponent: a novel graph invariant
• Coalescence and criticality of graphs
• The critical exponent conjecture for powers of doubly nonnegative matrices
• Critical phenomena in exponential random graphs
• The critical exponent for generalized doubly nonnegative matrices
• A panorama of positivity. II: Fixed dimension
• Positivity of Hadamard powers of a few band matrices
• THE NEW UNIVERSAL ESTIMATION FOR EXPONENTS OF GRAPHS
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• Totally positive kernels, Pólya frequency functions, and their transforms
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• Blowup polynomials and delta-matroids of graphs
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• Positivity preservers over finite fields
• The factor width rank of a matrix
• Entrywise transforms preserving matrix positivity and nonpositivity
• Corrigendum to: ``Critical exponents of graphs
• Functional calculi, positivity, and convolution of matrices

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