Dark solitons in external potentials

DOI10.1007/S00033-007-6120-0MaRDI QIDQ957844zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dmitry Pelinovsky, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis

Publication date 1 December 2008

Published in ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0610881

zbMATH Keywords

eigenvaluesGross-Pitaevskii equationdark solitionspersistence and stability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Soliton equations (35Q51) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Stability problems for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K45) Bifurcation problems for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K50)

Abstract: We consider the persistence and stability of dark solitons in the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation with a small decaying potential. We show that families of black solitons with zero speed originate from extremal points of an appropriately defined effective potential and persist for sufficiently small strength of the potential. We prove that families at the maximum points are generally unstable with exactly one real positive eigenvalue, while families at the minimum points are generally unstable with exactly two complex-conjugated eigenvalues with positive real part. This mechanism of destabilization of the black soliton is confirmed in numerical approximations of eigenvalues of the linearized GP equation and full numerical simulations of the nonlinear GP equation with cubic nonlinearity. We illustrate the monotonic instability associated with the real eigenvalues and the oscillatory instability associated with the complex eigenvalues and compare the numerical results of evolution of a dark soliton with the predictions of Newton's particle law for its position.

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Cited in

(12)

• Interactions of bright and dark solitons with localized \(\mathcal{P} \mathcal{T}\)-symmetric potentials
• Standing solitary Euler-Korteweg waves are unstable
• Stability of dark screening solitons in photorefractive media
• The dispersion relation of a dark soliton
• Periodic oscillations of dark solitons in parabolic potentials
• Dynamics of curved dark solitons
• Analytical expressions for dark soliton solution of a Gross-Pitaevskii equation
• Domain walls in the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations
• Two-dimensional dark soliton in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• An instability criterion for nonlinear standing waves on nonzero backgrounds
• Existence of dark solitons in a class of stationary nonlinear Schrödinger equations with periodically modulated nonlinearity and periodic asymptotics
• Numerical computation of dark solitons of a nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation

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