optdigits

OpenML dataset with id 28

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Full work available at URL: https://api.openml.org/data/v1/download/28/optdigits.arff

Upload date: 6 April 2014

Dataset Characteristics

Number of classes: 10
Number of features: 65 (numeric: 64, symbolic: 1 and in total binary: 0 )
Number of instances: 5,620
Number of instances with missing values: 0
Number of missing values: 0

Description

Author: E. Alpaydin, C. Kaynak Source: UCI Please cite: UCI citation policy

1. Title of Database: Optical Recognition of Handwritten Digits

2. Source:
 E. Alpaydin, C. Kaynak
 Department of Computer Engineering
 Bogazici University, 80815 Istanbul Turkey
 alpaydin@boun.edu.tr
 July 1998

3. Past Usage:
 C. Kaynak (1995) Methods of Combining Multiple Classifiers and Their
 Applications to Handwritten Digit Recognition, 
 MSc Thesis, Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and 
 Engineering, Bogazici University.

 E. Alpaydin, C. Kaynak (1998) Cascading Classifiers, Kybernetika,
 to appear. ftp://ftp.icsi.berkeley.edu/pub/ai/ethem/kyb.ps.Z

4. Relevant Information:
 We used preprocessing programs made available by NIST to extract
 normalized bitmaps of handwritten digits from a preprinted form. From
 a total of 43 people, 30 contributed to the training set and different
 13 to the test set. 32x32 bitmaps are divided into nonoverlapping 
 blocks of 4x4 and the number of on pixels are counted in each block.
 This generates an input matrix of 8x8 where each element is an 
 integer in the range 0..16. This reduces dimensionality and gives 
 invariance to small distortions.

 For info on NIST preprocessing routines, see 
 M. D. Garris, J. L. Blue, G. T. Candela, D. L. Dimmick, J. Geist, 
 P. J. Grother, S. A. Janet, and C. L. Wilson, NIST Form-Based 
 Handprint Recognition System, NISTIR 5469, 1994.

5. Number of Instances
 optdigits.tra Training 3823
 optdigits.tes Testing  1797
 
 The way we used the dataset was to use half of training for 
 actual training, one-fourth for validation and one-fourth
 for writer-dependent testing. The test set was used for 
 writer-independent testing and is the actual quality measure.

6. Number of Attributes
 64 input+1 class attribute

7. For Each Attribute:
 All input attributes are integers in the range 0..16.
 The last attribute is the class code 0..9

8. Missing Attribute Values
 None

9. Class Distribution
 Class: No of examples in training set
 0:  376
 1:  389
 2:  380
 3:  389
 4:  387
 5:  376
 6:  377
 7:  387
 8:  380
 9:  382

 Class: No of examples in testing set
 0:  178
 1:  182
 2:  177
 3:  183
 4:  181
 5:  182
 6:  181
 7:  179
 8:  174
 9:  180

Accuracy on the testing set with k-nn 
using Euclidean distance as the metric

 k =  1   : 98.00
 k =  2   : 97.38
 k =  3   : 97.83
 k =  4   : 97.61
 k =  5   : 97.89
 k =  6   : 97.77
 k =  7   : 97.66
 k =  8   : 97.66
 k =  9   : 97.72
 k = 10   : 97.55
 k = 11   : 97.89