Day's Theorem is sharp for n even

DOI10.1007/S00012-024-00855-7MaRDI QIDQ6314126zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 15 February 2019

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/S00012-024-00855-7

Generalizations of lattices (06B75) Generalizations of Boolean algebras (06E75) Congruence modularity, congruence distributivity (08B10)

Abstract: We solve some problems about relative lengths of Maltsev conditions, in particular, we give an affirmative answer to a classical problem raised by A. Day more than fifty years ago. In detail, both congruence distributive and congruence modular varieties admit Maltsev characterizations by means of the existence of a finite but variable number of appropriate terms. A. Day showed that from J'onsson terms

t_{0}, d o t s, t_{n}

witnessing congruence distributivity it is possible to construct terms

u_{0}, d o t s, u_{2 n - 1}

witnessing congruence modularity. We show that Day's result about the number of such terms is sharp when

n

is even. We also deal with other kinds of terms, such as alvin, Gumm, Pixley, directed, specular, mixed and defective. All the results hold when restricted to locally finite varieties. We introduce some families of congruence distributive varieties and characterize many congruence identities they satisfy.

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