Decoding quantum field theory with machine learning

DOI10.1007/JHEP08(2023)031MaRDI QIDQ6050327zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Daniel Grimmer, Irene Melgarejo-Lermas, José Polo-Gómez, Eduardo Martín-Martínez

Publication date 12 October 2023

Published in Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.03637

zbMATH Keywords

lattice quantum field theorynonperturbative effects

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

Abstract: We demonstrate how one can use machine learning techniques to bypass the technical difficulties of designing an experiment and translating its outcomes into concrete claims about fundamental features of quantum fields. In practice, all measurements of quantum fields are carried out through local probes. Despite measuring only a small portion of the field, such local measurements have the capacity to reveal many of the field's global features. This is because, when in equilibrium with their environments, quantum fields store global information locally, albeit in a scrambled way. We show that neural networks can be trained to unscramble this information from data generated from a very simple one-size-fits-all local measurement protocol. To illustrate this general claim we will consider three non-trivial features of the field as case studies: a) how a particle detector can learn about the field's boundary conditions even before signals have time to propagate from the boundary to the detector, b) how detectors can determine the temperature of the quantum field even without thermalizing with it, and c) how detectors can distinguish between Fock states and coherent states even when the first and second moments of all their quadrature operators match. Each of these examples uses the exact same simple fixed local measurement protocol and machine-learning ansatz successfully. This supports the claim that the framework proposed here can be applied to nearly any kind of local measurement on a quantum field to reveal nearly any of the field's global properties in a one-size-fits-all manner.

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Cited in

(1)

• Particle detectors under chronological hazard

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