Deep Learning With Functional Inputs
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Abstract: We present a methodology for integrating functional data into deep densely connected feed-forward neural networks. The model is defined for scalar responses with multiple functional and scalar covariates. A by-product of the method is a set of dynamic functional weights that can be visualized during the optimization process. This visualization leads to greater interpretability of the relationship between the covariates and the response relative to conventional neural networks. The model is shown to perform well in a number of contexts including prediction of new data and recovery of the true underlying functional weights; these results were confirmed through real applications and simulation studies. A forthcoming R package is developed on top of a popular deep learning library (Keras) allowing for general use of the approach.
Cited in
(9)- Nonlinear principal component analysis for two-dimensional functional data using neural networks
- Nyström subsampling for functional linear regression
- Neural networks for scalar input and functional output
- Functional data analysis using deep neural networks
- Nonlinear functional principal component analysis using neural networks
- Functional data analysis: an introduction and recent developments
- Neural networks with functional inputs for multi-class supervised classification of replicated point patterns
- High-dimensional partially linear functional Cox models
- Functional data analysis applications in medicine: a systematic review
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