Description of Quantum Dynamics of Open Systems Based on Collision-Like Models
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Abstract: Master equations in the Lindblad form describe evolution of open quantum systems that is completely positive and simultaneously has a semigroup property. We analyze a possibility to derive this type of master equations from an intrinsically discrete dynamics that is modelled as a sequence of collisions between a given quantum system (a qubit) with particles that form the environment. In order to illustrate our approach we analyze in detail how a process of an exponential decay and a process of decoherence can be derived from a collision-like model in which particular collisions are described by SWAP and controlled-NOT interactions, respectively.
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