Detecting Fourier subspaces

DOI10.1007/S00041-015-9444-8MaRDI QIDQ305684zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Charles A. Akemann, Nik Weaver

Publication date 30 August 2016

Published in The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.06893

zbMATH Keywords

finite abelian groupsFourier transformKadison-Singersignal detectionsmall subspaces spanned by characters

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Enumerative combinatorics (05A99) Irregularities of distribution, discrepancy (11K38) Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms on locally compact and other abelian groups (43A25) General theory of (C^*)-algebras (46L05) Signal theory (characterization, reconstruction, filtering, etc.) (94A12)

Abstract: Let G be a finite abelian group. We examine the discrepancy between subspaces of l^2(G) which are diagonalized in the standard basis and subspaces which are diagonalized in the dual Fourier basis. The general principle is that a Fourier subspace whose dimension is small compared to |G| = dim(l^2(G)) tends to be far away from standard subspaces. In particular, the recent positive solution of the Kadison-Singer problem shows that from within any Fourier subspace whose dimension is small compared to |G| there is standard subspace which is essentially indistinguishable from its orthogonal complement.

Review text

For a finite Abelian group \(G\) let \(F\) be the subspace of \(\ell^2(G)\) spanned by a set of characters and \(Q\) the orthogonal projection of \(\ell^2(G)\) on \(F\). For a subspace \(E\) of \(\ell^2(G)\) spanned by functions \(\delta_g,\,g\in S\subseteq G\), let \(P\) be the orthogonal projection of of \(\ell^2(G)\) on \(E\). While for any character \(\chi\) \(\|P\chi\|_2^2=\frac {|S|}{|G|}\) and \(\|(I-P)\chi\|_2^2=\frac {|G|-|S|}{|G|}\) in general the subspaces \(E\) and \(F\) may intersect, so \(\|PQ\|\) may even be one. In the paper it is shown that for subspaces \(F\) as above and any \(k\leq |G|\) there is a subset \(S\) of \(G\) with \(|S|=k\) such that \(\|PQ\|_2^2\leq\frac {|S|}{|G|}+O\left(\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{dim}(F)}{|G|}}\right)\) and \(\|(I-P)Q\|_2^2\leq\frac {|G|-|S|}{|G|}+O\left(\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{dim}(F)}{|G|}}\right)\), so for small dimensional subspaces \(F\) there are always subspaces \(E\) of arbitrary dimension for which neither \(E\) nor \(E^\perp\) are essentially closer to \(F\) than to a single character. The proof is based on a Kadison-Singer type estimate.

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Cites work

• A Lyapunov-type theorem from Kadison-Singer
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1318047 (Why is no real title available?)
• Interlacing families. II: Mixed characteristic polynomials and the Kadison-Singer problem
• Ramanujan graphs and the solution of the Kadison-Singer problem
• Robust uncertainty principles: exact signal reconstruction from highly incomplete frequency information

Cited in

(1)

• Two examples of subspaces in L^2lspanned by characters of finite order

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