Detecting Generalized Replay Attacks via Time-Varying Dynamic Watermarking

DOI10.1109/TAC.2020.3022756MaRDI QIDQ4957600zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Matthew Porter, Pedro Hespanhol, Anil Aswani, Matthew Johnson-Roberson, Ramanarayan Vasudevan

Publication date 9 September 2021

Published in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08111

zbMATH Keywords

cyber-physical systemsdynamic watermarkinglinear time varyingnetworked control systemssecure control

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Networked control (93B70) Linear systems in control theory (93C05) Control/observation systems involving computers (process control, etc.) (93C83) Authentication, digital signatures and secret sharing (94A62)

Abstract: Cyber-physical systems (CPS) often rely on external communication for supervisory control or sensing. Unfortunately, these communications render the system vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Attacks that alter messages, such as replay attacks that record measurement signals and then play them back to the system, can cause devastating effects. Dynamic Watermarking methods, which inject a private excitation into control inputs to secure resulting measurement signals, have begun addressing the challenges of detecting these attacks, but have been restricted to linear time invariant (LTI) systems. Though LTI models are sufficient for some applications, other CPS, such as autonomous vehicles, require more complex models. This paper develops a linear time-varying (LTV) extension to previous Dynamic Watermarking methods by designing a matrix normalization factor to accommodate the temporal changes in the system. Implementable tests are provided with considerations for real-world systems. The proposed method is then shown to be able to detect generalized replay attacks both in theory and in simulation using a LTV vehicle model.

Cited in

(11)

• Physical watermarking for replay attack detection in continuous-time systems
• Application of the unified control and detection framework to detecting stealthy integrity cyber-attacks on feedback control systems
• Security weakness of dynamic watermarking-based detection for generalised replay attacks
• Intermittent control for synchronization of discrete-delayed complex cyber-physical networks under mixed attacks
• Encryption–decryption‐based event‐triggered consensus control for nonlinear MASs under DoS attacks
• Data-driven replay attack detection for unknown cyber-physical systems
• Anomaly detection using isomorphic analysis for false data injection attacks in industrial control systems
• Resilient control of networked switched systems subject to deception attack and DoS attack
• Co-design of watermarking and controller for reducing detection delay of replay attacks
• Finite-time cooperative output regulation of heterogeneous nonlinear multi-agent systems under switching DoS attacks
• Adaptive neural network-based control for vehicle under actuator faults and stealthy replay attack threats

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