Detecting Large Simple Rational Hecke Modules for Γ0(N) via Congruences

DOI10.1093/IMRN/RNY190MaRDI QIDQ5028265zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Michael Lipnowski, George J. Schaeffer

Publication date 8 February 2022

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.09690

zbMATH Keywords

Hecke eigenvaluesSoundararajan's heuristics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hecke-Petersson operators, differential operators (one variable) (11F25) Congruences for modular and (p)-adic modular forms (11F33)

Abstract: We describe a novel method for bounding the dimension $d$ of the largest simple Hecke submodule of $S_2(Gamm{a}_0(N);mathbbQ)$ from below. Such bounds are of interest because of their relevance to the structure of $J_0(N)$, for instance. In contrast with previous results of this kind, our bound does not rely on the equidistribution of Hecke eigenvalues. Instead, it is obtained via a Hecke-compatible congruence between the target space and a space of modular forms whose Hecke eigenvalues are easily controlled. For prime levels $Nequiv7mod8$ our method yields an unconditional bound of $dgelo{g}_{2}lo{g}_2(N/8)$, improving the known bound of $dggsqrtloglogN$ due to Murty--Sinha and Royer. We also discuss conditional bounds, the strongest of which is $dg{g}_{e}psilon{N}^{1/2-epsilon}$ over a large set of primes $N$, contingent on Soundararajan's heuristics for the class number problem and Artin's conjecture on primitive roots. We also propose a number of Maeda-style conjectures based on our data, and we outline a possible congruence-based approach toward the conjectural Hecke simplicity of $S_k(mathrm{SL}_2(mathbbZ);mathbbQ)$.

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