Dirac equation with external potential and initial data on Cauchy surfaces

DOI10.1063/1.4902376MaRDI QIDQ2939226zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Franz Merkl, D.-A. Deckert

Publication date 19 January 2015

Published in Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.1401

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Initial value problems for first-order hyperbolic equations (35L03) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms and other transforms of Fourier type (42B10) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to quantum theory (81-02) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05)

Abstract: With this paper we provide a mathematical review on the initial-value problem of the one-particle Dirac equation on space-like Cauchy hypersurfaces for compactly supported external potentials. We, first, discuss the physically relevant spaces of solutions and initial values in position and mass shell representation; second, review the action of the Poincar'e group as well as gauge transformations on those spaces; third, introduce generalized Fourier transforms between those spaces and prove convenient Paley-Wiener- and Sobolev-type estimates. These generalized Fourier transforms immediately allow the construction of a unitary evolution operator for the free Dirac equation between the Hilbert spaces of square-integrable wave functions of two respective Cauchy surfaces. With a Picard-Lindel"of argument this evolution map is generalized to the Dirac evolution including the external potential. For the latter we introduce a convenient interaction picture on Cauchy surfaces. These tools immediately provide another proof of the well-known existence and uniqueness of classical solutions and their causal structure.

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Cited in

(8)

• Consistency proof for multi-time Schrödinger equations with particle creation and ultraviolet cut-off
• Generalized solutions and distributional shadows for Dirac equations
• Dirac equation on a curved surface
• On the mathematical foundations of causal fermion systems in Minkowski space
• External field QED on Cauchy surfaces for varying electromagnetic fields
• Consistency of multi-time Dirac equations with general interaction potentials
• A one-parameter family of approximations of the solution of the initial Cauchy problem for the Dirac equation
• Multi-time dynamics of the Dirac-Fock-Podolsky model of QED

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