Dispersion of gravitational waves in cold spherical interstellar medium

DOI10.1142/S0218271818500402MaRDI QIDQ5203783zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dániel Barta, Mátyás Vasúth

Publication date 9 December 2019

Published in International Journal of Modern Physics D (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.05576

zbMATH Keywords

gravitational wavesrelativity and gravitationwave propagation and interactions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Gravitational waves (83C35)

Abstract: We investigate the propagation of locally plane, small-amplitude, monochromatic gravitational waves through cold compressible interstellar gas in order to provide a more accurate picture of expected waveforms for direct detection. The quasi-isothermal gas is concentrated in a spherical symmetric cloud held together by self-gravitation. Gravitational waves can be treated as linearized perturbations on the background inner Schwarzschild spacetime. The perturbed quantities lead to the field equations governing the gas dynamics and describe the interaction of gravitational waves with matter. The resulted field equations decouple asymptotically for slowly varying short waves to a set of three PDEs of different orders of magnitude. A second-order WKB method provides transport equations for the wave amplitudes. The influence of background curvature already appears in the first-order amplitudes, which gives rise to diffraction. We have shown that the transport equation of these amplitudes provides numerical solutions for the frequency-alteration. The energy dissipating process is responsible for decreasing frequency. The decrease is significantly smaller than the magnitude of the original frequency and exhibits a power-law relationship between original and decreased frequencies. The frequency deviation was examined particularly for the transient signal GW150914. Considering AGNs as larger background structures and high-frequency signals emitted by BNS mergers, the frequency-deviation grows large enough to be relevant in future GW-observations with increased sensitivity.

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Cites work

• A WKB formalism for multicomponent fields and its application to gravitational and sound waves in perfect fluids
• Propagation of gravitational waves through a dispersive medium
• The damping of gravitational waves in dust

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(9)

• Increase of the number of detectable gravitational waves signals due to gravitational lensing
• GRAVITATIONAL WAVE SCINTILLATION BY A STELLAR CLUSTER
• On the frequency shift of gravitational waves
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• Gauge invariants of linearized gravity with a general background metric
• Damping of long wavelength gravitational waves by the intergalactic medium
• Gauge-invariant gravitational waves in matter beyond linearized gravity
• Self-consistent interaction of linear gravitational and electromagnetic waves in non-magnetized plasma
• Effect of temperature gradient on the wave propagation in a self- gravitating medium and its role in the central region of our Galaxy

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