Distance transform gradient density estimation using the stationary phase approximation

DOI10.1137/110859336MaRDI QIDQ4907748zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Karthik S. Gurumoorthy, Anand Rangarajan

Publication date 22 February 2013

Published in SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1104.3621

zbMATH Keywords

complex wave representationdistance transformFourier transformgradient densitystationary phase approximation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic approximations, asymptotic expansions (steepest descent, etc.) (41A60) Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms and other transforms of Fourier type (42B10) Application of orthogonal and other special functions (94A11)

Abstract: The complex wave representation (CWR) converts unsigned 2D distance transforms into their corresponding wave functions. Here, the distance transform S(X) appears as the phase of the wave function phi(X)---specifically, phi(X)=exp(iS(X)/ au where au is a free parameter. In this work, we prove a novel result using the higher-order stationary phase approximation: we show convergence of the normalized power spectrum (squared magnitude of the Fourier transform) of the wave function to the density function of the distance transform gradients as the free parameter au-->0. In colloquial terms, spatial frequencies are gradient histogram bins. Since the distance transform gradients have only orientation information (as their magnitudes are identically equal to one almost everywhere), as au-->0, the 2D Fourier transform values mainly lie on the unit circle in the spatial frequency domain. The proof of the result involves standard integration techniques and requires proper ordering of limits. Our mathematical relation indicates that the CWR of distance transforms is an intriguing, new representation.

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