Distinguishability of Quantum States by Positive Operator-Valued Measures With Positive Partial Transpose

DOI10.1109/TIT.2014.2307575MaRDI QIDQ2986432zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Nengkun Yu, Runyao Duan, Mingsheng Ying

Publication date 16 May 2017

Published in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.4222

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum state spaces, operational and probabilistic concepts (81P16) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Quantum coding (general) (81P70)

Abstract: We study the distinguishability of bipartite quantum states by Positive Operator-Valued Measures with positive partial transpose (PPT POVMs). The contributions of this paper include: (1). We give a negative answer to an open problem of [M. Horodecki $et.al$, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 047902(2003)] showing a limitation of their method for detecting nondistinguishability. (2). We show that a maximally entangled state and its orthogonal complement, no matter how many copies are supplied, can not be distinguished by PPT POVMs, even unambiguously. This result is much stronger than the previous known ones cite{DUAN06,BAN11}. (3). We study the entanglement cost of distinguishing quantum states. It is proved that $sqrt2/3ket00+sqrt1/3ket11$ is sufficient and necessary for distinguishing three Bell states by PPT POVMs. An upper bound of entanglement cost of distinguishing a $dotimesd$ pure state and its orthogonal complement is obtained for separable operations. Based on this bound, we are able to construct two orthogonal quantum states which cannot be distinguished unambiguously by separable POVMs, but finite copies would make them perfectly distinguishable by LOCC. We further observe that a two-qubit maximally entangled state is always enough for distinguishing a $dotimesd$ pure state and its orthogonal complement by PPT POVMs, no matter the value of $d$. In sharp contrast, an entangled state with Schmidt number at least $d$ is always needed for distinguishing such two states by separable POVMs. As an application, we show that the entanglement cost of distinguishing a $dotimesd$ maximally entangled state and its orthogonal complement must be a maximally entangled state for $d=2$,which implies that teleportation is optimal; and in general, it could be chosen as $mathcalO(fraclogdd)$.

Cited in

(20)

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• On small set of one-way LOCC indistinguishability of maximally entangled states
• Positive tensor products of maps and n-tensor-stable positive qubit maps
• Positive operator valued measure in quantum information processing
• A family of generalized quantum entropies: definition and properties
• LOCC protocols with bounded width per round optimize convex functions
• Concurrence classes for an arbitrary multi-qubit state based on a positive operator valued measure
• Discrimination of quantum states under locality constraints in the many-copy setting
• More assistance of entanglement, less rounds of classical communication
• Local discrimination of lattice states via adjacent matrix
• Efficient entanglement-assisted discrimination of a class of many-copy indistinguishable sets
• Local distinguishability of lattice states in arbitrary dimensional system
• Indistinguishability of quantum channels by using classically simulable measurements
• Optimizing entanglement manipulation via algebraic-geometric decompositions and semi-definite programming hierarchies
• Local indistinguishability and incompleteness of entangled orthogonal bases: method to generate two-element locally indistinguishable ensembles

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