Divergence-free cut finite element methods for Stokes flow

MaRDI QIDQ6434569zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Thomas Frachon, Erik G. Nilsson, Sara Zahedi

Publication date 27 April 2023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Numerical solution of discretized equations for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N22) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30) Fictitious domain methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N85)

Abstract: We develop two unfitted finite element methods for the Stokes equations based on $mathbf{H}^{extdiv}$-conforming finite elements. The first method is a cut finite element discretization of the Stokes equations based on the Brezzi-Douglas-Marini elements and involves interior penalty terms to enforce tangential continuity of the velocity at interior edges in the mesh. The second method is a cut finite element discretization of a three-field formulation of the Stokes problem involving the vorticity, velocity, and pressure and uses the Raviart-Thomas space for the velocity. We present mixed ghost penalty stabilization terms for both methods so that the resulting discrete problems are stable and the divergence-free property of the $mathbf{H}^{extdiv}$-conforming elements is preserved also for unfitted meshes. We compare the two methods numerically. Both methods exhibit robust discrete problems, optimal convergence order for the velocity, and pointwise divergence-free velocity fields, independently of the position of the boundary relative to the computational mesh.

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