Elliptic boundary value problems with fractional regularity data. The first order approach

DOI10.1090/CRMM/037MaRDI QIDQ4641549zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alex Amenta, Pascal Auscher

Publication date 17 May 2018

Published in CRM Monograph Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.03852

zbMATH Keywords

Besov spaceselliptic boundary value problemsHardy-Sobolev spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to partial differential equations (35-02) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Function spaces arising in harmonic analysis (42B35) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35) Functional calculus for linear operators (47A60)

Abstract: We study well-posedness of boundary value problems of Dirichlet and Neumann type for elliptic systems on the upper half-space with coefficients independent of the transversal variable, and with boundary data in fractional Besov-Hardy-Sobolev (BHS) spaces. Our approach uses minimal assumptions on the coefficients, and in particular does not require De Giorgi-Nash-Moser estimates. Our results are completely new for the Hardy-Sobolev case, and in the Besov case they extend results recently obtained by Barton and Mayboroda. First we develop a theory of BHS spaces adapted to operators which are bisectorial on $L^2$, with bounded $H^{i}nfty$ functional calculus on their ranges, and which satisfy $L^2$ off-diagonal estimates. In particular, this theory applies to perturbed Dirac operators $DB$. We then prove that for a nontrivial range of exponents (the identification region) the BHS spaces adapted to $DB$ are equal to those adapted to $D$ (which correspond to classical BHS spaces). Our main result is the classification of solutions of the elliptic system $operatornamedivAablau=0$ within a certain region of exponents. More precisely, we show that if the conormal gradient of a solution belongs to a weighted tent space (or one of their real interpolants) with exponent in the classification region, and in addition vanishes at infinity in a certain sense, then it has a trace in a BHS space, and can be represented as a semigroup evolution of this trace in the transversal direction. As a corollary, any such solution can be represented in terms of an abstract layer potential operator. Within the classification region, we show that well-posedness is equivalent to a certain boundary projection being an isomorphism. We derive various consequences of this characterisation, which are illustrated in various situations, including in particular that of the Regularity problem for real equations.

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