Evans function and Fredholm determinants

DOI10.1098/RSPA.2014.0597MaRDI QIDQ5362359zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Issa Karambal, Simon J. A. Malham

Publication date 29 September 2017

Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1107.0213

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General spectral theory of ordinary differential operators (34L05) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Systems of linear first-order PDEs (35F35) Soliton theory, asymptotic behavior of solutions of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems (37K40)

Abstract: We explore the relationship between the Evans function, transmission coefficient and Fredholm determinant for systems of first order linear differential operators on the real line. The applications we have in mind include linear stability problems associated with travelling wave solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations, for example reaction-diffusion or solitary wave equations. The Evans function and transmission coefficient, which are both finite determinants, are natural tools for both analytic and numerical determination of eigenvalues of such linear operators. However, inverting the eigenvalue problem by the free state operator generates a natural linear integral eigenvalue problem whose solvability is determined through the corresponding infinite Fredholm determinant. The relationship between all three determinants has received a lot of recent attention. We focus on the case when the underlying Fredholm operator is a trace class perturbation of the identity. Our new results include: (i) clarification of the sense in which the Evans function and transmission coefficient are equivalent; and (ii) proof of the equivalence of the transmission coefficient and Fredholm determinant, in particular in the case of distinct far fields.

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