Existence and asymptotics of nonlinear Helmholtz eigenfunctions

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Abstract: We prove the existence and asymptotic expansion of a large class of solutions to nonlinear Helmholtz equations of the form �egin{equation*} (Delta - lambda^2) u = N[u], end{equation*} where Delta=−sumjpartialj2 is the Laplacian on mathbbRn with sign convention that it is positive as an operator, lambda is a positive real number, and N[u] is a nonlinear operator that is a sum of monomials of degree geqp in u, overlineu and their derivatives of order up to two, for some pgeq2. Nonlinear Helmholtz eigenfunctions with N[u]=pm|u|p−1u were first considered by Guti'errez. Such equations are of interest in part because, for certain nonlinearities N[u], they furnish standing waves for nonlinear evolution equations, that is, solutions that are time-harmonic. We show that, under the condition (p−1)(n−1)/2>2 and k>(n−1)/2, for every finHk+2(mathbbSn−1) of sufficiently small norm, there is a nonlinear Helmholtz function taking the form �egin{equation*} u(r, omega) = r^{-(n-1)/2} Big( e^{-ilambda r} f(omega) + e^{+ilambda r} g(omega) + O(r^{-epsilon}) Big), ext{ as } r o infty, quad epsilon > 0, end{equation*} for some ginHk(mathbbSn−1). Moreover, we prove the result in the general setting of asymptotically conic manifolds.




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