Existence of an intermediate phase for oriented percolation

Abstract: We consider the following oriented percolation model of

m a t h b b N i m e s m a t h b b Z^{d}

: we equip

m a t h b b N i m e s m a t h b b Z^{d}

with the edge set

[(n, x), (n + 1, y)] | n i n m a t h b b N, x, y i n m a t h b b Z^{d}

, and we say that each edge is open with probability

p f (y - x)

where

f (y - x)

is a fixed non-negative compactly supported function on

m a t h b b Z^{d}

with

s u m_{z i n m a t h b b Z^{d}} f (z) = 1

and

p i n [0, i n f f^{- 1}]

is the percolation parameter. Let

p_{c}

denote the percolation threshold ans

Z_{N}

the number of open oriented-paths of length

N

starting from the origin, and study the growth of

Z_{N}

when percolation occurs. We prove that for if

d g e 5

and the function

f

is sufficiently spread-out, then there exists a second threshold

p_{c}^{(2)} > p_{c}

such that

Z_{N} / p^{N}

decays exponentially fast for

p i n (p_{c}, p_{c}^{(2)})

and does not so when

p > p_{c}^{(2)}

. The result should extend to the nearest neighbor-model for high-dimension, and for the spread-out model when

d = 3, 4

. It is known that this phenomenon does not occur in dimension 1 and 2.

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