Expansion or extinction: Deterministic and stochastic two-patch models with Allee effects
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Abstract: We investigate the impact of Allee effect and dispersal on the long-term evolution of a population in a patchy environment, focusing on whether a population already established in one patch either successfully invades an adjacent empty patch or undergoes a global in-all-patch extinction. Our study is based on the combination of analytical and numerical results for both a deterministic two-patch model and its stochastic analog. The deterministic model has either two or four attractors. In the presence of weak dispersal, the analysis of the deterministic model shows that a high-density and a low-density populations can coexist at equilibrium in nearby patches, whereas the analysis of the stochastic model indicates that this equilibrium is metastable, thus leading after a large random time to either an in-all-patch expansion or an in-all-patch extinction. Up to some critical dispersal, increasing the intensity of the interactions leads to an increase of both the basin of attraction of the in-all-patch extinction and the basin of attraction of the in-all-patch expansion. Above this threshold, while increasing the intensity of the dispersal, both deterministic and stochastic models predict a synchronization of the patches resulting in either a global expansion or a global extinction: for the deterministic model, two of the four attractors present when the dispersal is weak are lost, while the stochastic model no longer exhibits a metastable behavior. In the presence of strong dispersal, the limiting behavior is entirely determined by the value of the Allee threshold as the global population size in the deterministic and the stochastic two-patch models evolves as dictated by the single-patch counterparts ...
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Cited in
(30)- Allee effects can both conserve and create spatial heterogeneity in population densities
- Modeling the effects of density dependent emigration, weak Allee effects, and matrix hostility on patch-level population persistence
- Impacts of demographic and environmental stochasticity on population dynamics with cooperative effects
- Stability and bifurcation in a two-patch model with additive Allee effect
- Multiple attractors and long transients in spatially structured populations with an Allee effect
- Tipping cascades in a multi-patch system with noise and spatial coupling
- Population dispersal and Allee effect
- The impact of the Allee effect in dispersal and patch-occupancy age on the dynamics of metapopulations
- A simple epidemiological model for populations in the wild with Allee effects and disease-modified fitness
- Dynamics of SI models with both horizontal and vertical transmissions as well as Allee effects
- Dynamics of a predator-prey system with prey subject to Allee effects and disease
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- Stochastic dynamical modeling of competitive interactions with saturation and fear in coral reef ecosystem
- Bifurcations in a population model on N patches with strong Allee effect and spatial dispersal through Jacobian matrices
- Survival analysis of a single-species population model with fluctuations and migrations between patches
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