Explicit bounds for some functions of prime numbers.
Es bedeute \(p\) stets eine Primzahl, und zwar \(p_r\) die \(r\)-te Primzahl. Verf. gibt explizite Schranken für \(p_r\), \(\pi (x) = \sum\limits_{p\leqq x} 1\) und \(\theta (x) = \sum\limits_{p\leqq x}\) log \(p\). Bekanntlich gibt es zu jedem \(A > 0\) ein \(N\) so, daß für \(x \geqq N\) gilt: \[ \frac x{\log\, x - 1 + A} < \pi (x) < \frac x{\log\, x - 1 - A}; \tag{1} \] \[ |p_x - x \log \, x - x \log \, \log \, x + x| < Ax, \quad |\theta (x) - x| < \frac {Ax}{\log\, x}. \] Verf. zeigt folgendes (an einigen Stellen sind die Schranken für \(x\) noch etwas besser als hier angegeben): I. Für \(41 \leqq x \leqq e^{95}\) und für \(x \geqq e^{2000}\) gilt (1) mit \(A=1\). II. Für die übrigen \(x \geqq 41\) gilt (1) mindestens mit \(A = 3\). III. Für \(x \geqq e^{4000 }\) ist \[ | \theta (x) + \theta (x^{\tfrac 12}) + \theta (x^{\tfrac 13}) + \cdots - x| < x \sqrt{\log\, x}\cdot \text{exp} (- \sqrt{\log\, x/19}). \]
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