Exponential decay of Lebesgue numbers

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Abstract: We study the exponential rate of decay of Lebesgue numbers of open covers in topological dynamical systems. We show that topological entropy is bounded by this rate multiplied by dimension. Some corollaries and examples are discussed.


Let \(f: X \to X\) be a continuous map acting on a compact metric space. Denote by \(\delta(\mathcal{U})\) the Lebesgue number of a cover \(\mathcal{U}\), i.e., the largest number such that any ball of radius less than \(\delta(\mathcal{U})\) is contained in some element of \(\mathcal{U}\). Define \(h^-_L(f)=\sup h_L^-(f,\mathcal{U})\) and \(h^+_L(f)=\sup h_L^+(f,\mathcal{U})\), where NEWLINE\[NEWLINE h_L^+(f,\mathcal{U})=-\limsup \frac{1}{n}\log \delta_n (f,\mathcal{U}),\quad h_L^-(f,\mathcal{U})=-\liminf \frac{1}{n}\log \delta_n (f,\mathcal{U}) NEWLINE\]NEWLINE and \(\delta_n(\mathcal{U})=\min_{0\leq k <n}\delta(f^{-k}(\mathcal{U}))\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe paper contains many interesting results on relations between Lebesgue numbers, entropy and dimension. For example, it is proved that NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \dim _B(X) h_L^-(f)\geq h(f)\text{ and }\dim _H(X) h_L^+(f)\geq h(f) NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(h(f)\) is topological entropy, and \(\dim _B\), \(\dim _H\) are, respectively, the upper box dimension and the Hausdorff dimension. It is also proved that if \(f\) is Lipshitz with constant \(L(f)>0\) then \(h_L^+(f,\mathcal{U})\leq \max \{\log L(f),0\}\) for every open cover \(\mathcal{U}\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe paper ends with a few examples showing how developed results apply in practice.











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