Extensions of the chemostat model with flocculation

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2012.07.055MaRDI QIDQ713463zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Radhouane Fekih-Salem, Jérôme Harmand, Claude Lobry, A. Rapaport, Tewfik Sari

Publication date 29 October 2012

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1106.6038

zbMATH Keywords

bio-filmsbio-processesdefloculation dynamicsdensity dependent growth functionsfloculation dynamics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Qualitative investigation and simulation of ordinary differential equation models (34C60) Dynamical systems in biology (37N25) Cell biology (92C37) Ecology (92D40)

Abstract: In this work, we study a model of the chemostat where the species are present in two forms, isolated bacteria and under an aggregated form like attached bacteria or bacteria in flocks. We show that our general model contains a lot of models which were previously considered in the literature. Assuming that flocculation and deflocculation dynamics are fast with respect to the growth of the species, we construct a reduced chemostat-like model in which both the growth functions and the apparent dilution rate depend on the density of the species. We also show that such a model involving monotonic growth rates may exhibit bistability, while it may only occur in the classical chemostat model when the growth rate in non monotonic.

Review text

In this work a model of the chemostat is studied in the case when the species are presented in two forms, isolated and aggregated individuals, such as attached bacteria or bacteria in flocks. More precisely, general model is considered of a bio-process with three compartments involving the substrate, the planktonic and attached biomass densities, respectively. Each compartment of the biomass is characterized by its own specific growth rate and apparent dilution rate, generalizing previous models of biofilms (with no dilution rate for the attached bacteria) or models of perfect flocks (with no growth rate for aggregated individuals). A class of models with planktonic and structured biomass is analyzed under the assumptions that attachment and detachment processes are fast compared to the biological scale. Assuming that the flocculation and deflocculation dynamics is fast compared to the growth of the species, a reduced chemostat-like model is constructed in which both the growth functions and the apparent dilution rate depend on the density of the species. In the case when the previous assumption is not fulfilled, the analysis of the original three order model must be done to establish its qualitative behavior. The study performed in the paper reveals two main characteristics of this model: the reduced dynamics may exhibit a bi-stable behavior even though each growth function is monotonic. This phenomenon seems to be new and is met in the chemostat but when the growth function is non-monotonic. For bio-processes in which part of the biomass is under a structured form (in flocks or bio films), the macroscopic models (with reduced dynamics involving only the aggregated biomass and the substrate) should include a growth rate and an apparent dilution rate that are both density dependent.

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Cited in

(33)

• Dynamical analysis of a competition model in the turbidostat with discrete delay
• Dynamical behavior of a stochastic two-species monod competition chemostat model
• The evolution of the irreversible transition from a free-swimming state to an immobile sessile state in aquatic invertebrates modelled in a chemostat
• Mortality can produce limit cycles in density-dependent models with a predator-prey relationship
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