Extremal Cubic Inequalities of Three Variables

MaRDI QIDQ6376734zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Tetsuya Ando

Publication date 3 September 2021

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Semialgebraic sets and related spaces (14P10) Computational aspects of algebraic curves (14Q05) Inequalities for trigonometric functions and polynomials (26D05)

Abstract: Let $mathcal{H}_{3,d}$ be the vector space of homogeneous three variable polynomials of degree $d$, and $mathcal{P}_{3,d}^{+}$ be the set of all elements $finmathcal{H}_{3,d}$ such that$f(x,y,z)geq0$ for all $xgeq0$, $ygeq0$, $zgeq0$. In this article, we determine all extremal elements of $mathcal{P}_{3,3}^{+}$. We prove that if $finmathcal{P}_{3,3}^{+}$ is an irreducible extremal element, then the zero locus $V_{mathbbC}(f)$ in $mathbb{P}_{mathbbC}^2$ is a rational curve whose singularity is an acnode in the interior of $mathbb{P}_{+}^2$ or a cusp on an edge of $mathbb{P}_{+}^2$. We also prove that if $finmathcal{P}_{3,3}^{+}$ is an extremal element, then $f(x^2,y^2,z^2)$ is an extremal element of $mathcal{P}_{3,6}$, where $mathcal{P}_{3,d}$ is the set of all the elements $finmathcal{H}_{3,d}$ such that $f(x,y,z)geq0$ for all $x$, $y$, $zinmathbbR$.

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