Factoring Third Order Ordinary Differential Operators over Spectral Curves

MaRDI QIDQ6360196zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Sonia Rueda, M. Angeles Zurro

Publication date 9 February 2021

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Differential algebra (12H05) Solving polynomial systems; resultants (13P15)

Abstract: We consider the classical factorization problem of a third order ordinary differential operator $L-lambda$, for a spectral parameter $lambda$. It is assumed that $L$ is an algebro-geometric operator, that it has a nontrivial centralizer, which can be seen as the affine ring of curve, the famous "spectral curve" $Gamma$. In this work we explicitly describe the ring structure of the centralizer of $L$ and, as a consequence, we prove that $Gamma$ is a space curve. In this context, the first computed example of a non-planar spectral curve arises, for an operator of this type. Based on the structure of the centralizer, we give a symbolic algorithm, using differential subresultants, to factor $L-lambd{a}_0$ for all but a finite number of points $P=(lambd{a}_0,m{u}_0,gamm{a}_0)$ of the spectral curve .

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