First passage times over stochastic boundaries for subdiffusive processes

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Abstract: Let mathbbX=(mathbbXt)tgeq0 be the subdiffusive process defined, for any tgeq0, by mathbbXt=Xellt where X=(Xt)tgeq0 is a L'evy process and ellt=infs>0;:mathcalKs>t with mathcalK=(mathcalKt)tgeq0 a subordinator independent of X. We start by developing a composite Wiener-Hopf factorization to characterize the law of the pair (mathbbTa(mathcalb),(mathbbX−mathcalb)mathbbTa(mathcalb)) where �egin{equation*} mathbb{T}_a^{(mathcal{b})} = inf {t>0;: mathbb{X}_t > a+ mathcal{b}_t } end{equation*} with ainmathbbR and mathcalb=(mathcalbt)tgeq0 a (possibly degenerate) subordinator independent of X and mathcalK. We proceed by providing a detailed analysis of the cases where either mathcalK is a stable subordinator or X is spectrally negative. Our proofs hinge on a variety of techniques including excursion theory, change of measure, asymptotic analysis and on establishing a link between subdiffusive processes and a subclass of semi-regenerative processes. In particular, we show that the variable mathbbTa(mathcalb) has the same law as the first passage time of a semi-regenerative process of L'evy type, a terminology that we introduce to mean that this process satisfies the Markov property of L'evy processes for stopping times whose graph is included in the associated regeneration set.




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