Formal symplectic groupoid

DOI10.1007/S00220-004-1199-ZMaRDI QIDQ1770251zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Benoit Dherin, Giovanni Felder, Alberto Cattaneo

Publication date 14 April 2005

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0312380, http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/33716

zbMATH Keywords

Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula quantization Runge-Kutta method symplectic groupoid

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symplectic manifolds (general theory) (53D05) Pseudogroups and differentiable groupoids (58H05)

Abstract: The multiplicative structure of the trivial symplectic groupoid over

m a t h b b R^{d}

associated to the zero Poisson structure can be expressed in terms of a generating function. We address the problem of deforming such a generating function in the direction of a non-trivial Poisson structure so that the multiplication remains associative. We prove that such a deformation is unique under some reasonable conditions and we give the explicit formula for it. This formula turns out to be the semi-classical approximation of Kontsevich's deformation formula. For the case of a linear Poisson structure, the deformed generating function reduces exactly to the CBH formula of the associated Lie algebra. The methods used to prove existence are interesting in their own right as they come from an at first sight unrelated domain of mathematics: the Runge--Kutta theory of the numeric integration of ODE's.

Review text

The principal objective in this paper is to give a positive answer to the deformation problem for symplectic groupoids. Its exact formulation goes as follows: Given a Poisson structure \(\alpha\) on \(\mathbb{R}^d\) there exists a unique natural deformation of the trivial generating function such that the first-order is precisely \(\alpha\). Moreover, we have an explicit formula for this deformation \[ S_h(p_1, p_2, x)= x(p_1+ p_2)+ \sum^\infty_{n=1} {h^n\over n!} \sum_{\Gamma\in T_{n,2}} W_\Gamma\widehat B_\Gamma(p_1, p_2,x), \] where \(T_{n,2}\) is the set of Kontsevich trees of type \((n, 2)\), \(W_\Gamma\) is the Kontsevich weight of \(\Gamma\) and \(\widehat B_\Gamma\) is the symbol of the bidifferential operator \(B_\Gamma\) associated to \(\Gamma\). In case of a linear Poisson structure (i.e., the Kirillov-Kostant Poisson structure on the dual \({\mathcal G}^*\) of a Lie algebra \({\mathcal G}\)), the generating function of the sympletic groupoid over \({\mathcal G}^*\) reduces exactly to the familiar Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula \[ S_h(p_1, p_2,x)= \biggl\langle {1\over h} CBH(hp_1, hp_2), x\biggr\rangle, \] where \(\langle,\rangle\) is the natural pairing between \({\mathcal G}\) and \({\mathcal G}^*\). Finally, the authors show that the star-product studied in [\textit{M. Kontsevich}, Lett. Math. Phys. 66, No. 3, 167--216 (2003; Zbl 1058.53065)] can be considered as a suitable exponentiation of a deformation of the Poisson structure.

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