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Digital Library of Mathematical Functions ID
1.10.E9
N
-
P
=
1
2
π
i
∫
C
f
′
(
z
)
f
(
z
)
d
z
=
1
2
π
Δ
C
(
ph
f
(
z
)
)
,
𝑁
𝑃
1
2
𝜋
𝑖
subscript
𝐶
superscript
𝑓
′
𝑧
𝑓
𝑧
𝑧
1
2
𝜋
subscript
Δ
𝐶
phase
𝑓
𝑧
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle N-P=\frac{1}{2\pi i}\int_{C}\frac{f^{\prime}(z)}{% f(z)}\mathrm{d}z=\frac{1}{2\pi}\Delta_{C}(\operatorname{ph}f(z)),}}
Constraint(s)
Symbols List
π
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\pi}}
: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
d
x
𝑥
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\mathrm{d}\NVar{x}}}
: differential of x
i
imaginary-unit
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\mathrm{i}}}
: imaginary unit
∫
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\int}}
: integral
ph
phase
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\operatorname{ph}}}
: phase
z
𝑧
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle z}}
: variable
C
𝐶
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle C}}
: closed contour
N
𝑁
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle N}}
: number of zeros
P
𝑃
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle P}}
: number of zeros
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