Formulation of complex action theory

DOI10.1143/PTP.127.1131MaRDI QIDQ2896966zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Keiichi Nagao, Holger Bech Nielsen

Publication date 5 July 2012

Published in Progress of Theoretical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1104.3381

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lagrangian formalism and Hamiltonian formalism in mechanics of particles and systems (70S05) Feynman integrals and graphs; applications of algebraic topology and algebraic geometry (81Q30) Path integrals in quantum mechanics (81S40)

Abstract: We formulate a complex action theory which includes operators of coordinate and momentum $hatq$ and $hatp$ being replaced with non-hermitian operators $hat{q}_{new}$ and $hat{p}_{new}$, and their eigenstates ${}_m{<}_{new}q|$ and ${}_m{<}_{new}p|$ with complex eigenvalues $q$ and $p$. Introducing a philosophy of keeping the analyticity in path integration variables, we define a modified set of complex conjugate, real and imaginary parts, hermitian conjugates and bras, and explicitly construct $hat{q}_{new}$, $hat{p}_{new}$, ${}_m{<}_{new}q|$ and ${}_m{<}_{new}p|$ by formally squeezing coherent states. We also pose a theorem on the relation between functions on the phase space and the corresponding operators. Only in our formalism can we describe a complex action theory or a real action theory with complex saddle points in the tunneling effect etc. in terms of bras and kets in the functional integral. Furthermore, in a system with a non-hermitian diagonalizable bounded Hamiltonian, we show that the mechanism to obtain a hermitian Hamiltonian after a long time development proposed in our letter works also in the complex coordinate formalism. If the hermitian Hamiltonian is given in a local form, a conserved probability current density can be constructed with two kinds of wave functions.

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