Gelfand problem and Hemisphere rigidity

DOI10.3934/CPAA.2023026MaRDI QIDQ6361146arXivFDO

Authors Mijia Lai, Wei Wei

Publication date 20 February 2021

Published in arXiv

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.3934/CPAA.2023026

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Semilinear elliptic equations with Laplacian, bi-Laplacian or poly-Laplacian (35J91) Methods of global Riemannian geometry, including PDE methods; curvature restrictions (53C21) Rigidity results (53C24)

arXiv classification

math.APmath.DG

Abstract: We give an interpretation of the hemisphere rigidity theorem of Hang-Wang in the framework of Gelfand problem. More precisely, Hang-Wang showed that for a metric $g$ conformal to the standard metric $g_0$ on $S_{+}^n$ with $Rgeqn(n-1)$ and whose boundary coincides with $g_0{|}_{partial{S}_{+}^n}$, then $g=g_0$. This is related to the classical Gelfand problem, which investigates $-Deltau=lambdag(u)$ for certain nonlinearity $g$ in a bounded region $Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^n$ subject to the Dirichlet boundary condition. It is well-known that there exists an extremal $lambd{a}^{\ast }$, such that for $lambda>lambd{a}^{\ast }$, the above equation does not admit any solution. Interestingly, Hang-Wang's hemisphere rigidity theorem yields a precise value for $lambd{a}^{\ast }$ for $g(u)=e^{2u}$ when $n=2$ and $g(u)=(1+u{)}^{fracn+2n-2}$ for $ngeq3$. We attempt to generalize the hemisphere rigidity theorem under $Q$ curvature lower bound and fit this into the interpretation of fourth order Gelfand problem for bi-Laplacian with conformal nonlinearity.

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