Generalized Correlation-Based Imaging for Satellites

DOI10.1137/20M1322789MaRDI QIDQ5143295zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Matan Leibovich, Chrysoula Tsogka, George Papanicolaou

Publication date 11 January 2021

Published in SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00131

zbMATH Keywords

cross correlationpassive imagingsparse networks

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inverse problems for PDEs (35R30) Problems with incomplete information (optimization) (49N30) Diffraction, scattering (78A45) Inverse problems (including inverse scattering) in optics and electromagnetic theory (78A46) Asymptotic analysis in optics and electromagnetic theory (78M35) Basic methods for problems in optics and electromagnetic theory (78M99)

Abstract: We consider imaging of fast moving small objects in space, such as low earth orbit satellites. The imaging system consists of ground based, asynchronous sources of radiation and several passive receivers above the dense atmosphere. We use the cross correlation of the received signals to reduce distortions from ambient medium fluctuations. Imaging with correlations also has the advantage of not requiring any knowledge about the probing pulse and depends weakly on the emitter positions. We account for the target's orbital velocity by introducing the necessary Doppler compensation. We show that over limited imaging regions, a constant Doppler factor can be used, resulting in an efficient data structure for the correlations of the recorded signals. We then investigate and analyze different imaging methods using the cross-correlation data structure. Specifically, we show that using a generalized two point migration of the cross correlation data, the top eigenvector of the migrated data matrix provides superior image resolution compared to the usual single-point migration scheme. We carry out a theoretical analysis that illustrates the role of the two point migration methods as well as that of the inverse aperture in improving resolution. Extensive numerical simulations support the theoretical results and assess the scope of the imaging methodology.

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Cites work

• Correlation-based virtual source imaging in strongly scattering random media
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• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1484341 (Why is no real title available?)
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• Matched-filter and correlation-based imaging for fast moving objects using a sparse network of receivers
• Mathematics of multidimensional seismic imaging, migration, and inversion
• Passive imaging with ambient noise
• Resolution analysis of passive synthetic aperture imaging of fast moving objects
• Signal to Noise Ratio Analysis in Virtual Source Array Imaging
• Theory and applications of time reversal and interferometric imaging

Cited in

(4)

• On-orbit Spatial Resolution Estimation of CBERS-2 Imaging System Using Ideal Edge Target
• Matched-filter and correlation-based imaging for fast moving objects using a sparse network of receivers
• Correlation based imaging for rotating satellites
• Imaging in random media by two-point coherent interferometry

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