Global and fine approximation of convex functions

DOI10.1112/PLMS/PDS099MaRDI QIDQ2856116zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Daniel Azagra

Publication date 23 October 2013

Published in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. Third Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.4760, http://eprints.ucm.es/23643/1/Azagra150.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

\(C^0\)-fine topology\(C^1\)-fine topologyapproximationconvex bodyconvex functionconvex set

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Convexity of real functions of several variables, generalizations (26B25) Approximation with constraints (41A29) Approximation by other special function classes (41A30) Convex sets in (n) dimensions (including convex hypersurfaces) (52A20) Approximation by convex sets (52A27)

Abstract: Let $Usubseteqmathbb{R}^d$ be open and convex. We prove that every (not necessarily Lipschitz or strongly) convex function $f:UomathbbR$ can be approximated by real analytic convex functions, uniformly on all of $U$. We also show that $C^0$-fine approximation of convex functions by smooth (or real analytic) convex functions on $mathbb{R}^d$ is possible in general if and only if $d=1$. Nevertheless, for $dgeq2$ we give a characterization of the class of convex functions on $mathbb{R}^d$ which can be approximated by real analytic (or just smoother) convex functions in the $C^0$-fine topology. It turns out that the possibility of performing this kind of approximation is not determined by the degree of local convexity or smoothness of the given function, but by its global geometrical behaviour. We also show that every $C^1$ convex and proper function on $U$ can be approximated by $C^{infty}$ convex functions in the $C^1$-fine topology, and we provide some applications of these results, concerning prescription of (sub-)differential boundary data to convex real analytic functions, and smooth surgery of convex bodies.

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