Greedy approximation algorithms for sparse collections

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Abstract: We describe a greedy algorithm that approximates the Carleson constant of a collection of general sets. The approximation has a logarithmic loss in a general setting, but is optimal up to a constant with only mild geometric assumptions. The constructive nature of the algorithm gives additional information about the almost-disjoint structure of sparse collections. As applications, we give three results for collections of axis-parallel rectangles in every dimension. The first is a constructive proof of the equivalence between Carleson and sparse collections, first shown by H"anninen. The second is a structure theorem proving that every collection mathcalE can be partitioned into mathcalO(N) sparse subfamilies where N is the Carleson constant of mathcalE. We also give examples showing that such a decomposition is impossible when the geometric assumptions are dropped. The third application is a characterization of the Carleson constant involving only L1,infty estimates.











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