Height of varieties over finitely generated fields

DOI10.1215/21562261-3445138MaRDI QIDQ272914zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors José Ignacio Burgos Gil, Patrice Philippon, Martín Sombra

Publication date 21 April 2016

Published in Kyoto Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.3222, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.kjm/1458047876

Heights (11G50) Arithmetic varieties and schemes; Arakelov theory; heights (14G40) Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25)

Abstract: We show that the height of a variety over a finitely generated field of characteristic zero can be written as an integral of local heights over the set of places of the field. This allows us to apply our previous work on toric varieties and extend our combinatorial formulae for the height to compute some arithmetic intersection numbers of non toric arithmetic varieties over the rational numbers.

Review text

\textit{A. Moriwaki} [Invent. Math. 140, No. 1, 101--142 (2000; Zbl 1007.11042); J. Reine Angew. Math. 530, 33--54 (2001; Zbl 1013.11032)] defined a notion of height for cycles on a projective variety over a finitely generated extension field \(K\) of \(\mathbb Q\), extending the similar definition of height for when \(K\) is a number field. This definition used the arithmetic intersection theory of Gillet and Soulé. Moriwaki also showed that, for cycles of dimension zero on projective space, the height relative to \(\mathcal O(1)\) is equal to an integral of local heights, over a certain set \(\mathfrak M\) of places of \(K\) and relative to a certain measure on \(\mathfrak M\). The primary result of the paper under review extends this integral formula to heights of cycles of arbitrary dimension on arbitrary normal projective varieties over \(K\), relative to a much broader set of metrized line bundles.NEWLINENEWLINELet us state this main result. An \textit{arithmetic variety} is an irreducible normal scheme, flat and projective over \(\text{Spec}\mathbb Z\). Let \(\mathcal B\) be an arithmetic variety, let \(b\) be its relative dimension over \(\text{Spec}\mathbb Z\), and let \(K=K(\mathcal B)\) be its function field. Let \(\overline{\mathcal H_1},\dots,\overline{\mathcal H}_b\) be nef Hermitian line bundles on \(\mathcal B\).NEWLINENEWLINELet \(\pi:\mathcal X\to\mathcal B\) be a dominant morphism of arithmetic varieties, and let \(X\) be its generic fiber, which is a variety over \(K\). Let \(Y\) be a prime cycle on \(X\), and let \(\mathcal Y\) be its closure in \(\mathcal X\). Let \(d=\dim Y\), and let \(\overline{\mathcal L}_j\), \(j=0,\dots,d\), be a family of semipositive Hermitian line bundles on \(\mathcal X\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe main theorem is that the height \(h_{\pi^{*}\overline{\mathcal H}_1,\dots,\pi^{*}\overline{\mathcal H}_b, \overline{\mathcal L}_0,\dots,\overline{\mathcal L}_d}(\mathcal Y)\) can be given as an integral over \(\mathfrak M\) (as above) of local heights defined using an arithmetic Bézout formula introduced in an earlier monograph of the authors [Arithmetic geometry of toric varieties. Metrics, measures and heights. Paris: Société Mathématique de France (SMF) (2014; Zbl 1311.14050)].NEWLINENEWLINEThis monograph also derived a formula for the height of a toric variety over a number field, in terms of a \textit{roof function} defined using toric geometry. The paper under review extends this formula to the context of a toric variety over a finitely generated extension field \(K\) of \(\mathbb Q\) (as above), relative to a toric metrized line bundle \(\overline{\mathcal L}=\overline{\mathcal L}_0=\dots=\overline{\mathcal L}_n\). The formula in this case takes the form of the integral of a roof function over the product of \(\mathfrak M\) and a polytope associated to \(\overline{\mathcal L}\) via toric geometry. This can also be done globally (giving the height as an integral of a global roof function over the polytope associated to \(\overline{\mathcal L}\)).NEWLINENEWLINEFinally, the paper computes these latter formulas in the case of the normalization of a translate of a subtorus in projective space.

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