Higher genus theory

DOI10.1093/IMRN/RNAA196MaRDI QIDQ5862763zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Peter Koymans, Carlo Pagano

Publication date 10 March 2022

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.13871

zbMATH Keywords

Cohen-Lenstra conjecturesdual narrow class groupGauss's genus theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quadratic extensions (11R11) Other abelian and metabelian extensions (11R20) Class numbers, class groups, discriminants (11R29)

Abstract: In $1801$, Gauss found an explicit description, in the language of binary quadratic forms, for the $2$-torsion of the narrow class group and dual narrow class group of a quadratic number field. This is now known as Gauss's genus theory. In this paper we extend Gauss's work to the setting of multi-quadratic number fields. To this end, we introduce and parametrize the categories of expansion groups and expansion Lie algebras, giving an explicit description for the universal objects of these categories. This description is inspired by the ideas of Smith cite{smith2} in his recent breakthrough on Goldfeld's conjecture and the Cohen--Lenstra conjectures. Our main result shows that the maximal unramified multi-quadratic extension $L$ of a multi-quadratic number field $K$ can be reconstructed from the set of generalized governing expansions supported in the set of primes that ramify in $K$. This provides an explicit description for the group $extGal(L/mathbbQ)$ and a systematic procedure to construct the field $L$. A special case of our main result gives a sharp upper bound for the size of $ext{Cl}^{+}(K)[2]$. For every positive integer $n$, we find infinitely many multi-quadratic number fields $K$ such that $[K:mathbbQ]$ equals $2^n$ and $extGal(L/mathbbQ)$ is a universal expansion group. Such fields $K$ are obtained using Smith's notion of additive systems and their basic Ramsey-theoretic behavior.

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Cited in

(8)

• Genus theory and governing fields
• Even sets of nodes and Gauss genus theory
• \(\ell\)-torsion bounds for the class group of number fields with an \(\ell\)-group as Galois group
• On the \(4\)-rank of class groups of Dirichlet biquadratic fields
• Higher Index Theory
• On Malle’s conjecture for nilpotent groups
• A sharp upper bound for the 2‐torsion of class groups of multiquadratic fields
• Quadratic forms and genus theory: a link with 2-descent and an application to nontrivial specializations of ideal classes

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