Hyperboloidal framework for the Kerr spacetime

DOI10.1088/1361-6382/AB6E3EMaRDI QIDQ5161348zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Rodrigo Panosso Macedo

Publication date 29 October 2021

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13452

zbMATH Keywords

black hole perturbation theoryhyperboloidal coordinatesKerr spacetimequasinormal modes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Foliations (differential geometric aspects) (53C12) Boundary value problems on manifolds (58J32) Hyperbolic equations on manifolds (58J45) Propagation of singularities; initial value problems on manifolds (58J47) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Black holes (83C57)

Abstract: Motivated by the need of a robust geometrical framework for the calculation of long, and highly accurate waveforms for extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, this work presents an extensive study of the hyperboloidal formalism for the Kerr spacetime and the Teukolsky equation. In a first step, we introduce a generic coordinate system foliating the Kerr spacetime into hypersurfaces of constant time extending between the black-hole horizon and future null infinity, while keeping track of the underlying degrees of freedom. Then, we express the Teukolsky equation in terms of these generic coordinates with focus on applications in both the time and frequency domains. Specifically, we derive a wave-like equation in $2+1$ dimensions, whose unique solution follows directly from the prescription of initial data (no external boundary conditions). Moreover, we extend the hyperboloidal formulation into the frequency domain. A comparison with the standard form of the Teukolsky equations allows us to express the regularisation factors in terms of the hyperboloidal degrees of freedom. In the second part, we discuss several hyperboloidal gauges for the Kerr solution. Of particular importance, this paper introduces the minimal gauge. The resulting expressions for the Kerr metric and underlying equations are simple enough for eventual (semi)-analytical studies. Despite the simplicity, the gauge has a very rich structure as it naturally leads to two possible limits to extremality, namely the standard extremal Kerr spacetime and its near-horizon geometry. When applied to the Teukolsky equation in the frequency domain, we show that the minimal gauge actually provides the spacetime counterpart of the well-known Leaver's formalism. Finally, we recast the hyperboloidal gauges for the Kerr spacetime available in the literature within the framework introduced here.

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Cited in

(20)

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Uses Software

• Ringdown
• Teukode

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