Hypercyclic operators on countably dimensional spaces

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2012.11.013MaRDI QIDQ1941346zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Andre Schenke, S. Shkarin

Publication date 12 March 2013

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1205.0414

zbMATH Keywords

hypercyclic operators, cyclic operatorsinvariant subspacestopological vector spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General theory of locally convex spaces (46A03) Cyclic vectors, hypercyclic and chaotic operators (47A16)

Abstract: According to Grivaux, the group $GL(X)$ of invertible linear operators on a separable infinite dimensional Banach space $X$ acts transitively on the set $Sigma(X)$ of countable dense linearly independent subsets of $X$. As a consequence, each $AinSigma(X)$ is an orbit of a hypercyclic operator on $X$. Furthermore, every countably dimensional normed space supports a hypercyclic operator. We show that for a separable infinite dimensional Fr'echet space $X$, $GL(X)$ acts transitively on $Sigma(X)$ if and only if $X$ possesses a continuous norm. We also prove that every countably dimensional metrizable locally convex space supports a hypercyclic operator.

Review text

The aim of this paper is to present several results on the existence of hypercyclic operators on countably infinite dimensional metrizable locally convex spaces. \textit{S. Grivaux} [Arch. Math. 81, No. 3, 291--299 (2003; Zbl 1056.47007)] proved that every countable dense linearly independent subset of a separable infinite dimensional Banach space \(X\) is the orbit of a hypercyclic continuous operator defined on \(X\), thus solving a problem stated by \textit{I. Halperin} et al. [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 31, 561--565 (1985; Zbl 0578.47001)]. Her proof relies on the fact that the invertible linear operators act transitively on the set of all countable dense linearly independent subset of \(X\). \textit{J. Bonet} et al. [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 37, No. 2, 254--264 (2005; Zbl 1150.47005)] exhibited a countable dense linearly independent subset of the Fréchet space \(\omega\) of all complex sequences that cannot be the orbit of a hypercyclic operator on \(\omega\) and proved that every countable product of copies of a separable, infinite dimensional Banach space contains two dense linearly independent sequences of vectors such that their linear spans are not isomorphic. Finally, \textit{A. A. Albanese} [Math. Scand. 109, No. 1, 147-160 (2011; Zbl 1248.47010)] showed that every countable dense linearly independent subset of a Fréchet space \(X\) with a continuous norm is the orbit of a hypercyclic operator on \(X\). She also obtained that the invertible linear operators act transitively on the set of all countable dense linearly independent subset of \(X\) if \(X\) is a Fréchet space with a continuous norm. The article under review presents several results related to the theorems mentioned above. The main result of Section 3 asserts that the invertible linear operators act transitively on the set of all countable dense linearly independent subsets of the Fréchet space \(\omega\). The full extension of Grivaux's result to Fréchet spaces is proved in Section 4. It asserts that a Fréchet space \(X\) has a continuous norm if and only if every countable dense linearly independent subset of a Fréchet space \(X\) with a continuous norm is the orbit of a hypercyclic operator on \(X\). The necessity is the result of Albanese mentioned above, although the proof given here is different. The proof of the sufficiency is interesting. Section 5 is dedicated to the proof that every countably dimensional metrizable locally convex space admits a hypercyclic vector; a remarkable result in view of the existence of countably dimensional locally convex spaces admitting no transitive (hence no hypercyclic) operator due to \textit{L. Frerick} et al. [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 37, No. 2, 254--264 (2005; Zbl 1150.47005)]. The article concludes with a list of open questions and remarks.

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Cited in

(15)

• Construction of operators with prescribed behaviour
• Counting cycles and finite dimensional \(L^{p}\) norms
• The density of the hypercylic operators in the strong operator topology
• On the existence of polynomials with chaotic behaviour
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• J-class operators and hypercyclicity
• Infinite dimensional cycles associated to operators
• Universal families and hypercyclic operators
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