Identities for combinatorial sums involving trigonometric functions

Abstract: Let

A_{m,n}(a)=sum_{j=0}^m (-4)^j {m+jchoose 2j}sum_{k=0}^{n-1} sin(a+2kpi/n) cos^{2j}(a+2kpi/n)

and

B_{m,n}(a)=sum_{j=0}^m (-4)^j {m+j+1choose 2j+1}sum_{k=0}^{n-1} sin(a+2kpi/n) cos^{2j+1}(a+2kpi/n),

where

m g e q 0

and

n g e q 1

are integers and

a

is a real number. We present two proofs for the following results: (i) If

2 m + 1 e q u i v 0, (m b o x m o d, n)

, then

A_{m,n}(a)=(-1)^m n sin((2m+1)a).

(ii) If

2 m + 1 o t e q u i v 0, (m b o x m o d, n)

, then

A_{m, n} (a) = 0

. (iii) If

2 (m + 1) e q u i v 0, (m b o x m o d, n)

, then

B_{m,n}(a)=(-1)^m frac{n}{2} sin(2(m+1)a).

(iv) If

2 (m + 1) o t e q u i v 0, (m b o x m o d, n)

, then

B_{m, n} (a) = 0

.

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