Injectives in varieties of completely regular semigroups

\({\mathcal V}\)-injective group band varieties injectives maximal subgroups orthodox normal band of groups retraction strong semilattices variety of completely regular semigroups variety of completely simple semigroups variety of groups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Injectives, projectives (08B30) Varieties and pseudovarieties of semigroups (20M07) General structure theory for semigroups (20M10) Connections of semigroups with homological algebra and category theory (20M50)

Review text

The author describes all injectives in all varieties \({\mathcal V}\) of completely regular semigroups (treated as unary semigroups in the now standard way) which contain all semilattices. The injectives in the remaining, completely simple, varieties have been previously described by the author [in Semigroup Forum 33, 47-55 (1986; Zbl 0581.20054)]. Injectives in all band varieties were described by \textit{J. A. Gerhard} [ibid. 9, 36-53 (1974; Zbl 0289.20038)]. Injectives in varieties of semilattices of abelian groups were determined by \textit{B. M. Schein} [ibid. 9, 159-171 (1974; Zbl 0286.20074)]. Let \({\mathcal V}\) be such a variety of completely regular semigroups. Its ``index is the least positive integer n such that \((xx^{-1}yy^{- 1})^ n=(xy)(xy)^{-1}\) is a law in the intersection of \({\mathcal V}\) with the variety of completely simple semigroups (and is infinite if their is no such n). A group G is a ``\({\mathcal V}\)-injective group if it is an injective in the variety of groups contained in \({\mathcal V}\) such that (i) if \({\mathcal V}\) has infinite index then G is trivial and (ii) if \({\mathcal V}\) has index n then G has no nonidentity element of order dividing n. The following remarkable theorem is proven: a completely regular semigroup I is a \({\mathcal V}\)-injective if and only if (i) I is an orthodox normal band of groups which is complete and infinitely distributive with respect to the natural partial order; (ii) (recalling that normal bands of groups are precisely the strong semilattices of completely simple semigroups) each structure morphism of I is a retraction which when restricted to maximal subgroups has a kernel which is a \({\mathcal V}\)- injective group; (iii) either I is a semilattice of groups or \({\mathcal V}\) consists of normal bands of groups; (iv) if \({\mathcal L}\) is not a congruence on I then I is a left normal band of groups; (v) the dual of (iv).

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