Introduction to sporadic groups for physicists

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Abstract: We describe the collection of finite simple groups, with a view on physical applications. We recall first the prime cyclic groups Zp, and the alternating groups Altn>4. After a quick revision of finite fields mathbbFq, q=pf, with p prime, we consider the 16 families of finite simple groups of Lie type. There are also 26 emph{extra} "sporadic" groups, which gather in three interconnected "generations" (with 5+7+8 groups) plus the Pariah groups (6). We point out a couple of physical applications, including constructing the biggest sporadic group, the "Monster" group, with close to 1054 elements from arguments of physics, and also the relation of some Mathieu groups with compactification in string and M-theory.






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