Isomorphisms in pro-categories

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2003.11.011MaRDI QIDQ1878448zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J. Dydak, Francisco R. Ruiz del Portal

Publication date 19 August 2004

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0404399

balanced category bimorphism pro-category

Category-theoretic methods and results in associative algebras (except as in 16D90) (16B50) Epimorphisms, monomorphisms, special classes of morphisms, null morphisms (18A20) Shape theory in general topology (54C56)

Abstract: A morphism of a category which is simultaneously an epimorphism and a monomorphism is called a bimorphism. In cite{DR2} we gave characterizations of monomorphisms (resp. epimorphisms) in arbitrary pro-categories, pro-(C), where (C) has direct sums (resp. weak push-outs). In this paper we introduce the notions of strong monomorphism and strong epimorphism. Part of their significance is that they are preserved by functors. These notions and their characterizations lead us to important classical properties and problems in shape and pro-homotopy. For instance, strong epimorphisms allow us to give a categorical point of view of uniform movability and to introduce a new kind of movability, the sequential movability. Strong monomorphisms are connected to a problem of K.Borsuk regarding a descending chain of retracts of ANRs. If (f: X o Y) is a bimorphism in the pointed shape category of topological spaces, we prove that (f) is a weak isomorphism and (f) is an isomorphism provided (Y) is sequentially movable and

X

or

Y

is the suspension of a topological space. If (f: X o Y) is a bimorphism in the pro-category pro-(H_0) (consisting of inverse systems in (H_0), the homotopy category of pointed connected CW complexes) we show that (f) is an isomorphism provided (Y) is sequentially movable.

Review text

The problem, whether a morphism which is both an epimorphism and a monomorphism is an isomorphism, is an important problem in category theory. Given a category \({\mathcal C}\), the category pro-\({\mathcal C}\) consists of inverse systems of objects of \({\mathcal C}\), indexed by directed sets: \(X=(X_\alpha,p(X)_\alpha^\beta:X_\beta\to X_\alpha; \alpha<\beta \in I(X))\). In the paper under review, the authors study isomorphisms in the pro-category \(\text{pro-}{\mathcal C}\) under the assumption that \({\mathcal C}\) contains direct sums and weak push-outs. The authors introduce the notion of strong mono- and epimorphisms in \(\text{pro-}{\mathcal C}\). Let \(f:X\to Y\) be a map in \(\text{pro-}{\mathcal C}\). It is said to be a strong monomorphism (resp., strong epimorphism), if for any pair of objects \(P,Q\) from \({\mathcal C}\) and morphisms \(a:X\to P\), \(b:Y\to Q\) and \(g:P\to Q\) satisfying \(b\circ f=g\circ a\), there exists a morphism \(u:Y\to P,\) so that \(u\circ f=a\) (resp., \(g\circ u=b\)). If \(X\) and \(Y\) are objects of \({\mathcal C}\) then \(f\) is a strong monomorphism (resp., epimorphism) if and only if it has a left inverse (resp., right inverse) but this is generally not true for objects in pro-\({\mathcal C}\). Strong monomorphisms (resp., epimorphisms) are monomorphisms (resp., epimorphisms) and they are preserved by functors. Then the authors show that a morphism in pro-\({\mathcal C}\) is an isomorphism if and only if it is both a strong monomorphism and an epimorphism, and, provided that \({\mathcal C}\) has direct sums, a morphism in pro-\({\mathcal C}\) is an isomorphism if and only if it is both a strong epimorphism and a monomorphism. The authors apply the above result to the characterization of uniform movabilility. An object \(X=(X_\alpha,\alpha\in I(X))\) is uniformly removable if for each \(\alpha\), there exists \(\beta>\alpha\) and \(r:X_\beta\to X\), such that \(r_\alpha=p(X)^\beta_\alpha\). It is shown that if there exist an object \(P\) from \({\mathcal C}\) and a strong epimorphism \(P\to X\) then \(X\) is uniformly movable. For a converse statement the authors show that, for a uniformly movable object \(X\), if \({\mathcal C}\) is a category with inverse limits then the projection \(p:\lim_\alpha X_\alpha\to X\) is a strong epimorphism and if \({\mathcal C}\) has direct sums then there exists an object \(P\in {\mathcal C}\) and a strong epimorphism \(P\to X\). Other applications are also given, for instance to the study of isomorphisms in the pro-categories of the homotopy category of pointed connected of topological spaces.

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(10)

This page was built for publication: Isomorphisms in pro-categories

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q1878448)