Embeddings of hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras into \(E_{10}\) (Q1013599)

From the introduction: In [Contemp. Math. 343, 97--114 (2004; Zbl 1050.17021)], \textit{A. J. Feingold} and \textit{H. Nicolai} studied subalgebras of hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras. They showed that the rank 3 hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra \(\mathcal F = HA^{(1)}_1\) contains every rank 2 hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra with symmetric generalized Cartan matrix; in fact \(\mathcal F\) was also shown to contain an infinite series of indefinite type Kac-Moody algebras. Analogously, it was shown that there are infinitely many inequivalent Kac-Moody algebras of indefinite type that occur as Lie subalgebras of \(E_{10}\) . This motivates the main question of this letter: which Kac-Moody algebras of hyperbolic type occur as Lie subalgebras of \(E_{10}\)? To answer this question, we extend the method of Feingold and Nicolai and formulate some general principles for constructing Lie subalgebras. These principles are then used to prove our main result: Every simply laced hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra occurs as a Lie subalgebra of \(E_{10}\). This statement can be viewed as further evidence of the distinguished role played by \(E_{10}\) in the family of simply laced hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras. Though these subalgebras, being of hyperbolic type themselves, are poorly understood objects, their embeddings in \(E_{10}\) may nevertheless shed more light on the structure of \(E_{10}\).