A Euclidean interpretation of Dynkin diagrams and its relation to root systems (Q1083515)

A Dynkin set is a non-empty finite set \(B=\{v_ 1,...,v_ n\}\) of non- zero vectors in a Euclidean space E, with inner product (, ), such that the number \(c_{ij}=2(v_ i,v_ j)/(v_ j,v_ j)\) is a non-positive integer whenever \(i\neq j\). The authors show that the Dynkin sets with connected Dynkin diagrams are precisely the basis and extended basis of root systems (of finite type not necessarily reduced) and derive some properties of them.