Criticality theory for Schrödinger operators with singular potential (Q1651940)

The authors extend the weighted spectral gap classification for Schrödinger operators of the form \(-\Delta + V\) to a large class of locally integrable potentials \(V\). In this case, Harnack's inequality will generally not hold. Usually the standard potentials are in the space \(L^p_{\mathrm{loc}}\) for some \(p>N/2\), but this class contains potentials for which \(V^+\) is locally bounded assuming no restrictions on \(V^-\). More generally, it contains potentials for which the positive and negative singularities are separated and for which the interaction of the positive and negative singularities is not too strong. Under the assumptions that \(V^+\in L^p_{\mathrm{loc}}\) for some \(p>N/2\), the authors establish for such potentials versions of the Agmon-Allegretto-Piepenbrink principle which characterizes both the subcritical and critical operators in terms of the cone of positive distributional super-solutions.