New estimates for the div-curl-grad operators and elliptic problems with \(L^{1}\)-data in the whole space and in the half-space (Q630586)

The authors study the div-curl-grad operators and some elliptic problems in the whole space \(\mathbb R^n\) and in the half-space \(\mathbb R^n_+\), with \(n\geq 2\). The data (and solutions) are in \(L^1\) or in weighted Sobolev spaces. The authors treat various boundary conditions (Dirichlet, Neumann, and some mixed), but let us bring only one of their results. First, some notations. A (bold) point \({\mathbf x}\in\mathbb R^n\) is written as \({\mathbf x}=({\mathbf x}',x_n)\), where \({\mathbf x}'=(x_1,x_2,\dots,x_{n-1})\in\mathbb R^{n-1}\) and \(x_n\in\mathbb R\). Further, \(\mathbb R^n_+=\{{\mathbf x}\in\mathbb R^n : x_n>0\}\) and its boundary \(\Gamma=\{{\mathbf x}\in\mathbb R^n : x_n=0\}=\mathbb R^{n-1}\). For all other definitions, in particular, of weighted Sobolev spaces, we refer the reader to the paper. Then, one of the many results in the paper is the following. Let \({\mathbf g}'\in {\mathbf L}^1(\Gamma)\) and \(g_n\in W_0^{-1+\frac 1n,\frac n{n-1}}(\Gamma)\). If \(\int_{\Gamma}{\mathbf g}'={\mathbf 0}\), \(\left<g_n,1\right>=0\), and \ div\('{\mathbf g}'\in W_0^{-2+\frac 1n,\frac n{n-1}}(\Gamma)\), then the system \(-\Delta{\mathbf u}={\mathbf 0}\), in \(\mathbb R^n_+\), and \({\mathbf u}={\mathbf g}\), on \(\Gamma\), has a unique very weak solution \({\mathbf u}\in{\mathbf L}^{\frac n{n-1}}(\mathbb R^n_+)\) with the following estimate \[ \|\mathbf u\|_{{\mathbf L}^{\frac n{n-1}}(\mathbb R^n_+)}\leq C(\|\mathbf g'\|_{{\mathbf L}^1(\Gamma)}+\| \text{div}'{\mathbf g}'\|_{W_0^{-2+\frac 1n,\frac n{n-1}}(\Gamma)}+\|g_n\|_{W_0^{-1+\frac 1n,\frac n{n-1}}(\Gamma)}). \]