Generic bifurcations of framed curves in a space form and their envelopes (Q664659)

The paper deals with bifurcation for 1-parameter families of curves with frames in the space forms \(E^{n+1}\), \(S^{n+1}\), \(H^{n+1}\). The main result proved there is the following: { Theorem 1.1.} Let \(\gamma_{\lambda}\) be a generic 1-parameter family of framed curves in \(E^{3}\), \(S^{3}\) or \(H^{3}\). Then the local singularity in the associated envelope \(E(\gamma_{\lambda})\) is given by one of following 5 classes: (I) the cuspidal edge, (II) the swallowtail, (III) the cuspidal beaks, (IV) the cuspidal butterfly and (V) the full-folded-umbrella. Basically, the proof of Theorem 1.1 comes from the classification obtained in the paper [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 25, No. 6, 603--610 (1993; Zbl 0801.58006)] by \textit{G. Ishikawa}.