Koopman Embedding and Super-Linearization Counterexamples with Isolated Equilibria

MaRDI QIDQ6441591zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Philip Arathoon, Matthew D. Kvalheim

Publication date 26 June 2023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Topological and differentiable equivalence, conjugacy, moduli, classification of dynamical systems (37C15)

Abstract: A frequently repeated claim in the "applied Koopman operator theory literature is that a dynamical system with multiple isolated equilibria cannot be linearized in the sense of admitting a smooth embedding as an invariant submanifold of a linear dynamical system. This claim is sometimes made only for the class of super-linearizations, which additionally require that the embedding "contain the state. We show that both versions of this claim are false by constructing (super-)linearizable smooth dynamical systems on $mathbb{R}^k$ having any countable (finite) number of isolated equilibria for each $k>1$.

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