Levi problem in complex manifolds

DOI10.1007/S00208-017-1539-XMaRDI QIDQ1659908zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 23 August 2018

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.07768

Stein manifolds (32Q28) Plurisubharmonic exhaustion functions (32U10) Currents (32U40) (overlinepartial) and (overlinepartial)-Neumann operators (32W05) Dynamical aspects of holomorphic foliations and vector fields (37F75)

Abstract: Let U be a pseudoconvex open set in a complex manifold M. When is U a Stein manifold? There are classical counter examples due to Grauert, even when U has real-analytic boundary or has strictly pseudoconvex points. We give new criteria for the Steinness of U and we analyze the obstructions. The main tool is the notion of Levi-currents. They are positive

d d b a r

-closed currents T of bidimension (1,1) and of mass 1 directed by the directions where all continuous psh functions in

U

have vanishing Levi-form. The extremal ones, are supported on the sets where all continuous psh functions are constant. We also construct under geometric conditions, bounded strictly psh exhaustion functions, and hence we obtain Donnelly- Fefferman weights. To any infinitesimally homogeneous manifold, we associate a foliation. The dynamics of the foliation determines the solution of the Levi-problem. Some of the results can be extended to the context of pseudoconvexity with respect to a Pfaff-system.

Review text

Let \((M,\omega)\) be a complex Hermitian manifold and let \(U=\{z\in U_1: r(z)<0\}\subset\subset M\) be a \(\mathcal C^\infty\)-smooth pseudoconvex domain, where \(U_1\) is a neighborhood of \(\overline U\) and \(dr\neq0\) on \(\partial U\). A positive current \(T\) of bidimension \((1,1)\), supported by \(\partial U\), is said to be a \textit{Levi current} if \(T\wedge\partial r=0\), \(T\wedge\partial\overline\partial r=0\), \(i\partial\overline\partial T=0\), \(\langle T,\omega\rangle=1\). The main results of the paper are the following three theorems related to the Levi problem: -- If \(\partial U\) has no Levi current, then \(U\) is a proper modification of a Stein manifold. Moreover, there is a smooth function \(v\) such that if \(\varrho:=re^{-v}\), then there exists an \(\eta>0\) such that for \(\widehat\varrho:=-(-\varrho)^\eta\) we have \(i\partial\overline\partial\widehat\varrho\geq c|\widehat\varrho|\omega\) on \(U\setminus K\), where \(K\) is compact. -- Assume that there exist a compact \(K\subset U\) and a bounded function \(v\) on \(U\setminus K\) such that \(i\partial\overline\partial v\geq\omega\) on \(U\setminus K\). Then \(U\) is a proper modification of a Stein manifold and admits a bounded exhaustion function which is strictly plurisubharmonic outside of a compact set. -- Assume that \(U\) admits a continuous exhaustion function \(\varphi\), \(U\) is not a proper modification of a Stein manifold, and \(U\) contains at most finitely many compact varieties of positive dimension. Then there exists \(t_0\in\mathbb R\) such that for every \(t>t_0\) the level set \(\{\varphi=t\}\) has a Levi current \(T_t\). The author gives also a foliated version of the above results.

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