Local comparability of measures, averaging and maximal averaging operators

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Abstract: We explore the consequences for the boundedness properties of averaging and maximal averaging operators, of the following local comparabiliity condition for measures: Intersecting balls of the same radius have comparable sizes. Since in geometrically doubling spaces this property yields the same results as doubling, we study under which circumstances it is equivalent to the latter condition, and when it is more general. We also study the concrete case of the standard gaussian measure, where this property fails, but nevertheles averaging operators are uniformly bounded, with respect to the radius, in L1. However, such bounds grow exponentially fast with the dimension, very much unlike the case of Lebesgue measure.


The author studies the boundedness of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function for Borel measures satisfying a \textit{local} comparability condition; namely, intersecting balls with the same radius have a comparable size. The motivation of replacing the classical doubling condition by this new property is already suggested in [\textit{A. Naor} and \textit{T. Tao}, J. Funct. Anal. 259, 731--779 (2010; Zbl 1196.42018)], where the notion of blossom of a ball \(B\) (the union of all balls of the same size containing some points of \(B\)) plays an important role. It is proved in this paper, by means of a generalization of the Vitali covering lemma for measures that bound blossoms uniformly, that the corresponding uncentered maximal operator is of weak-type (1,1). Next, the author starts to consider the behavior of averaging operators, giving positive and negative results about their uniform boundedness when the measure fails to satisfy a local comparability condition. Finally, it is also proved that for a geometrically bounded measure satisfying the local comparability condition, the uncentered maximal operator is of weak-type (1,1). Some further connections between these two properties and being doubling are also established.



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